evidence of severe disease due to respiratory infection, for example if a child, young person or staff member is admitted to hospital A helpful exclusion table to indicate time periods an individual should not attend a setting during an infectious stage Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are uncommon but serious illnesses caused by typhoidal Salmonella bacteria that are related to the Salmonella that cause food poisoning. They are spread by consuming food or water contaminated by the faeces or urine of someone with the illness or someone without symptoms who may be excreting the organism. These infections are most commonly acquired abroad.

A liquid stool is more likely to contaminate hands and the environment than a formed stool and is therefore a greater risk. Vomit, like liquid stool, may also be highly infectious such as when there is norovirus circulating in the setting. Infection can also be spread when the affected person vomits. This is because aerosols can spread the organism directly to others and contaminate the environment. A person will be infectious while symptoms remain. It is usually a mild self-limiting virus. Most people who get cold sores will have been infected early in life. We may disclose your personal information to any of our employees, officers, insurers, professional advisers, agents, suppliers or subcontractors insofar as reasonably necessary for the purposes set out in this policy. Symptoms of glandular fever can be unpleasant, but most pass within 2 to 3 weeks. Fatigue, however, can occasionally last longer.The illness may only consist of a mild feverish illness which escapes notice but in others a rash appears after a few days. Hepatitis C virus ( HCV) is a blood borne virus affecting the liver. Symptoms of hepatitis C infection can often be vague and include loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea and abdominal pain. Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) occurs less commonly than in hepatitis B infection. Up to 80% of those infected may be carriers of the virus and can pass it on to others. Exclude the infected individual until 48 hours after the diarrhoea and vomiting symptoms have stopped. Inform your UKHSA HPT if there are 2 or more cases with similar symptoms linked in time or place or a greater than expected rate of infection compared with the usual rate.

Scabies is a skin infection caused by tiny mites that burrow in the skin. The pregnant female mite burrows into the top layer of the skin and lays about 2 to 3 eggs per day before dying after 4 to 5 weeks. All outbreaks of food poisoning should be investigated. In the event of an outbreak, your UKHSA HPT will work with the setting and EHOs from the local authority and will provide additional guidance and advice to follow. For additional information about what infections are and why they can be prevented, access the Preventing and managing infections in childcare and pre-school online course. Exclude the affected individual until 48 hours after the diarrhoea and vomiting symptoms have stopped.

Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Advise any individuals who are concerned about contracting HIV to seek free and confidential advice from their GP or local GUM or sexual health clinic.

Advise individuals, parents or carers to seek prompt medical advice if the individual’s illness is worsening. Make sure that all cuts, scrapes and wounds are cleaned and covered. This also applies to bites. This is because breaching the skin barrier provides a portal of entry for the organism. Flu can affect anyone but if people have a long-term health condition the effects of flu can make it worse even if the health condition is well managed and they normally feel well. All outbreaks of food poisoning should be investigated, your UKHSA HPT will work with the setting and EHO from the local authority. Keep the individual away from the setting if they have a weeping shingles rash that cannot be covered.The sores can develop anywhere on the body but tend to occur as reddish sores on the face, especially around the nose and mouth and on hands and feet. After about a week, the sores burst and leave golden brown crusts. It can sometimes be painful and itchy. The incubation period is between 4 to 10 days. People should be vaccinated against hepatitis A before travelling to countries where hepatitis A is common.