Senior Responsible Officer, Changing Futures Northumbria & Director of Public Service Reform, Gateshead Council Austerity though has driven a plausible desire to make things more efficient. by buttoning down processes, protocols, pathways, eligibility criteria etc… But this has made it worse. People are understood less and thus present more and more unresolved issues as part of a slew of rising demand. It’s demand we can design out, provided we focus on being effective. To do that, we need to move from a focus on efficiency to efficacy, and to do that needs a move from buttoning down to freeing up. Holocaust Memorial Day Trust. all rights reserved. ® The Holocaust Memorial Day Trust (& logo) is a trademark of Holocaust Memorial Day Trust and registered in the UK. Most of the DP camps were dissolved in 1950. About 300,000 Jewish Holocaust survivors had emigrated to the new state of Israel by 1951/1952. Now, life began for Holocaust survivors in new homes around the world, above all in Israel. The story was somewhat similar in Marseille, except that the Americans arrived to discover that much of the work of liberation had already been accomplished by the local Resistance, and that an effective and articulate left-wing French administration, Resistance-based, had already been put in place. Initially, this worked well, and the Americans and the French administration cooperated effectively. However, Marseille’s formidable port was key to the Allied war effort and the American presence would be considerable and sustained. Compounding this was the American decision to use the coastal area for a large “rest and relaxation” area for troops on leave. Although initially good, relations soon became strained, as they had in Cherbourg. In this case, however, the French administration was able to protest more effectively than in Cherbourg, where the local administration was much weaker.

Israeli intelligence analysts said the military’s approach had been to run a “cautious, step-by-step” push into Gaza, rather than an all-out assault. Cherbourg, a key port on the English Channel, destined to be a major entry point for American supplies and troops, experienced liberation very differently. After a fierce battle, which reduced much of the city to ruins, the Americans took control, with the primary objective of restoring the port and facilitating the easy movement of supplies and troops off their ships and to the front lines. Thus, rather than moving on, the Americans settled in for the foreseeable future. For the Cherbourgeois, this meant that their city, while liberated from the Germans, had been re-occupied – this time by the Americans. And like the Germans, the Americans’ objectives for Cherbourg did not necessarily match those of the French, who wished to return to their homes and businesses and begin the process of rebuilding. Instead, they found themselves under a foreign occupation again, subject to the needs of the American forces for housing, office space, power and fuel, food, a functioning harbour and a clear run to the front lines. Inevitably, the tensions between the local population and the Americans mounted. But effective in doing what? No amount of liberation of things that exist within and between organisations counts as much as liberating peoples’ own internal capacity for change. Public services do not singularly transform lives and communities. What they can do is to support people by helping them to create the conditions to effect the changes they feel compelled to make. When the shield is deployed, immediately fire a shell ahead that explodes upon hitting an enemy or reaching the end of its range, dealing 250% Physical damage to all enemies within range and Stun them for 5 seconds This week we are looking at two words which may be confused by learners of English: produce and product. Improve your English with Collins.So instead of starting with services, here in Gateshead and more recently across Northumbria, we started with people. That a United Nations conference on the proposed World Organization should be summoned for Wednesday, 25 April, 1945, and should be held in the United States of America. Western leaders have launched a diplomatic offensive on Middle Eastern states that have more sway in the region in an attempt to contain the conflict from spreading more widely. As the Soviet Army advanced from the east, the Nazis transported prisoners away from the front and deep into Germany. Some prisoners were taken from the camps by train, but most were force-marched hundreds of miles, often in freezing weather and without proper clothing or shoes. Over the course of these death marches, which sometimes lasted weeks, tens of thousands of people died from cold or hunger, or were shot because they could not keep up. Standardisation as a means to efficiency is reinforced by how services are designed and commissioned , and as such, we end up with one-size-fits-few processes that often miss what matters to people and things fail, thus creating failure demand. Commissioning that allows for iteration and learning, but also allows for practice to vary according to what matters to individuals would make the Liberated Method easier to apply.

There were more than 60,000 emaciated prisoners in desperate need of sustenance and medical attention. Worse still, 13,000 corpses lay around the camp, unburied and rotting. Despite being experienced soldiers familiar with the horrors of war, they had never encountered anything like this.On 21 May 1945, once the last prisoners had been moved and the last casualty buried, the camp accommodation huts were burned to the ground. Outside the camp, the British put up signs in English and German to mark the scale of what had been done. One of the signs was soon stolen.

With navigation and efficiency as goals for increasingly hard-pressed public services faced with rising inequality, issues such as method and efficacy were seldom as fruitful and accessible arenas for reform and yet these are the fundamental questions, i.e., what do we do, and how well does it work? First, the French found themselves in the awkward position of ostensibly playing host to guests (the Americans) they had been forced to invite into their home (an analogy Footitt uses effectively). Yet, the dynamics were not those of the usual host-guest relationship, where the guest is dependent upon the host and the host is the dominant force in the relationship. In this case, while the hosts (the French) had the de jure control of the ‘space’ (the resources and the infrastructure belonged to the French), the guests (the Americans) had de facto control of it. Nothing required the Americans to concern themselves with French wants or needs other than a sense of moral obligation. The French found themselves in a rather ambivalent position: once invited in, their guests could hardly be thrown out. Although they needed the Americans’ help and aid, they resented being put in the position of supplicant. No matter what corner of France they came from, the French expected that Liberation would mean an opportunity to re-establish their national identity, affirm their national sovereignty and reconstruct a viable nation-state, beginning with their own locales. They were desperate to rebuild and restart their lives, but unable to begin without reclaiming the physical space that they had lost to the Germans, something denied them in many instances by the Americans’ commandeering of that same space. iv. With regard to the fixing of the total sum of the reparation as well as the distribution of it among the countries which suffered from the German aggression, the Soviet and American delegations agreed as follows: The first major camp to be liberated was Majdanek near Lublin, Poland in July 1944. Surprised by the rapid Soviet advance from the east, the Germans attempted to hide the evidence of mass murder by demolishing much of the camp, but parts - including the gas chambers - were left standing.

In early April 1945, General Sir Evelyn Barker’s VIII Corps was advancing north-eastwards across Germany towards the Baltic. Word had arrived that the Germans were looking to call a local truce. On 12 April, a German emissary was brought into the corps headquarters to negotiate the terms. The common theme, then, to these case studies is the clash of two cultures, two solitudes – French and American. In those parts of the country where the two did not meet (and they really did not in Normandy), there was no opportunity for the differences to manifest themselves. On the other hand, in those places where the French and the Americans were forced to cohabit, even in Marseille where there was perhaps the most interest in and sympathy for the Americans’ technological and logistical prowess, what is striking is how little each understood the other, and how little they wanted to understand the other. Instead, the French retreated into bitter disillusionment, and the Americans into baffled frustration and impatience with French ingratitude. In each case, the one dismissed the other as an ignorant foreigner who did not appreciate what the other had to offer. A resource stalemate also exists which makes it very difficult for any agency to focus on prevention issues or anything upstream of the eligibility criteria that defines their minimum service offer. For example, adult social care investing heavily in prevention would reduce demand into the health and possibly the criminal justice system, but it’s very unlikely that any savings made would find themselves manifesting as investments in adult social care. The budgets are buttoned down tight, and therefore it's in no service or organisation’s interest to ‘blink first’ and go hard at prevention. Instead, they focus upon internal efficiency which creates more failure demand as it goes deeper into standardisation and screening out.

The British delegation was of the opinion that, pending consideration of the reparation question by the Moscow reparation commission, no figures of reparation should be mentioned. The above Soviet-American proposal has been passed to the Moscow Reparation Committee as one of the proposals to be considered by the Commission. At Auschwitz, the Soviet troops of the First Ukrainian Front found horrible evidence of atrocities against Jews. This included hundreds of thousands of coats, 45,000 pairs of shoes and over 7 tons of human hair. The Liberated Method has the potential to reduce demand, reduce waste and to be far more effective for people that need support in living their lives. We’ve seen it and are determined to proliferate whilst learning more. April 22, 1945: Units of the First and 47th Polish Armies, operating under overall Soviet command, liberated Sachsenhausen The extrinsic support and resources are usually in the form of a low caseload caseworker who typically does not have a specialism (if they do, they aren’t acting through the lens of their specialism). This element of the Liberated Method which creates the conditions for someone’s innate capability to thrive is possibly the Liberated Method’s most idiosyncratic feature. It is characterised by:

British response

I still remember the first time I met them in the hallway a few years ago. Liskarm and Franka always walked in the front, and Jessica timidly followed behind. She would immediately blush whenever she met anyone in the eyes, as if she wanted to disappear into the ground immediately." Around 70% of those supported through the Liberated Method across four different prototypes in Gateshead and Northumbria have demonstrably positive upturns in their lives after periods of decreasing stability and even crisis. We know that the previous arrangements weren’t working for anyone we encountered. Extrinsically resourced – This is based upon a relationship with a caseworker who provides extrinsic resources beyond what people have access to. The purpose of this is to work on practical barriers and build emotional resilience and trust such that things stabilise. This stability provides a better chance of someone being able to access their own internal capacity to build towards a better life… It is well known that there was little love lost between President Roosevelt of the United States and Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French Forces and head of the external French resistance. Each deeply distrusted the other. However, it is less well known the depths to which their enmity shaped the plans for the post-Liberation period in France. Roosevelt had always insisted that, having recognised the Vichy regime as the legitimate French government, he could hardly offer recognition to any other claimant until after France was liberated and the French had been able to express freely their own opinion about who they wished to govern them. For this reason, he refused to consider recognising de Gaulle’s organisation as the successor to Vichy until after Liberation. Indeed, Roosevelt stubbornly refused even to decide on what the nature of the future administration would be or when the liberators would transfer control to an independent French government until after France was liberated. This ran counter to the advice of many who surrounded him, as well as the advice of Winston Churchill, all of whom were convinced that de Gaulle was the only viable alternative. Thus, when the Americans arrived in France in June 1944, they did so without any kind of direction or model for post-liberation administration. Instead, the forces in the field were instructed to improvise – pragmatism and empiricism ruled. The result was a very diverse Liberation experience, Footitt argues, shaped by the nature of the immediate circumstances of the specific military situation, the balance of fighting forces and the needs of the Allied forces.