Many popular accounts attribute the cosmological redshift to the expansion of space. This can be misleading because the expansion of space is only a coordinate choice. The most natural interpretation of the cosmological redshift is that it is a Doppler shift. [92] Implications Emam, Moataz (2021). Covariant Physics: From Classical Mechanics to General Relativity and Beyond. Oxford University Press. pp.208–246. ISBN 978-0-19-886489-9. The term "Big Bang" is an unfortunate misnomer. It implies an "explosion," and explosions are events that happen in space. This is incorrect; the term describes the first instant in the expansion of space itself. Some would even interpret it as the very beginning of the universe, evolving from "nothing." It is hard to imagine exactly what it was, but an explosion it most definitely wasn't.

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Brane cosmology models, in which inflation is due to the movement of branes in string theory; the pre-Big Bang model; the ekpyrotic model, in which the Big Bang is the result of a collision between branes; and the cyclic model, a variant of the ekpyrotic model in which collisions occur periodically. In the latter model the Big Bang was preceded by a Big Crunch and the universe cycles from one process to the other. [150] [151] [152] [153]Hawking, Stephen W. (1996). "The Beginning of Time". Stephen Hawking (Lecture). London: The Stephen Hawking Foundation. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019 . Retrieved 26 April 2017. Detailed observations of the morphology and distribution of galaxies and quasars are in agreement with the current Big Bang models. A combination of observations and theory suggest that the first quasars and galaxies formed within a billion years after the Big Bang, [103] and since then, larger structures have been forming, such as galaxy clusters and superclusters. [104] The third season began airing on E4 and E4 HD on December 17, 2009, at 9:00 p.m., but was on hiatus between February 25, 2010, until May 6, 2010, when the final 11 episodes of the season aired. Avgoustidis, Anastasios; Luzzi, Gemma; Martins, Carlos J.A.P.; etal. (14 February 2012). "Constraints on the CMB temperature-redshift dependence from SZ and distance measurements". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 2012 (2): Article 013. arXiv: 1112.1862. Bibcode: 2012JCAP...02..013A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.758.6956. doi: 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/02/013. S2CID 119261969.

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Warner Brothers Television controls the online rights for the show. [38] [39] Full episodes are available at tv.com, while short clips and recently aired full episodes are available on cbs.com. [40] Full episodes are also available on Sohu.com in China. [41] In Canada, recent episode(s) and pictures are available on CTV.ca. [42] Awards and nominations In February 2019 as the show's production wound down, their home on stage 25 was officially named "The Big Bang Theory Stage."The show was taped at Stage 25, Warner Brothers Burbank Studios, 4000 Warner Boulevard, Burbank, California, USA (until it was out of production). Mayim Bialik as Dr. Amy Farrah Fowler, Ph.D. – She first met Sheldon in the season 3 finale through Raj and Howard, and is very similar to him, except that she is more open to social interactions and thus more susceptible to conventional behavior. She became close friends with Sheldon in season 4, and became his girlfriend in season 5, though Sheldon is extremely slow to progress the physical aspect of their relationship. By the season 5 finale, they had been progressed to holding hands though Amy is inching Sheldon toward a deeper relationship which gradually started to become intimate in season 6 ending in some "intercourse" game-play between their Dungeons and Dragons characters. In season 7, Sheldon began kissing her on the lips for the first time. In the season 7 finale, she is extremely upset at Sheldon leaving Pasadena. Amy also forms a quirky friendship with Penny, whom Amy frequently refers to as her "bestie," and becomes Bernadette's maid of honor at her and Howard's wedding. At the end of season 8, feeling that her relationship with Sheldon wasn't going anywhere, Amy told him that she needed time away so she could figure out what to do about their relationship. In season 9 Sheldon pushed her and she formally broke up with him. After exploring dating, she realized that she still wants Sheldon who asks her to again be his girlfriend. On her next birthday, they lost their virginity to each other, and she later found out about Sheldon's engagement ring when his Meemaw comes for a visit. In " The Cohabitation Experimentation", Amy and Sheldon tried living together and then decided to live together. In season 11, she and Sheldon became engaged and are married in the season finale of season 11. Also both Sheldon and Amy are very excited about their theory and working together on super-asymmetry of string theory. They submit their paper and it gets confirmed by some Fermi-Lab physicists.